• Studies utilising GPR mice however report different effects

  2022-09-09

  

  Studies utilising GPR55−/− mice, however, report different effects of GPR55 on body weight and insulin sensitivity. Genetic deletion of GPR55 appears to have no effect on overall body weight 5, 6, 7. However, one of these studies found increased fat deposition and insulin resistance in GPR55−/− mice

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Until very

  2022-09-09

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Until very recently, the anti-atherogenic activity of niacin was attributed almost exclusively to its impact on HDL and other plasma lipids, perhaps mediated via its action on GPR109A expressed in adipose or other tissues. However, recent clinical st

• We next compared the enhancing effects of nM

  2022-09-09

  

  We next compared the enhancing effects of 100nM zinc on currents produced by a low concentration of glycine with zinc effects on the same currents produced by the partial agonist taurine. In this experiment, zinc was co-applied with concentrations of glycine or taurine producing 5–10% of the maximal

• br Introduction Given the growing acceptance of

  2022-09-09

  

  Introduction Given the growing acceptance of ergothioneine (ET) as a biologically important agent with potential therapeutic applications [[1], [2], [3], [4]] it is increasingly important to clearly establish the role of the organic cation transporter (novel) type 1 (OCTN1). OCTN1 was discovered

• To maintain low Glu concentrations in the synaptic cleft bel

  2022-09-09

  

  To maintain low Glu concentrations in the synaptic cleft below the affinity of its receptors, this amino thiostrepton receptor is rapidly removed from the extracellular space by a family of sodium-dependent high-affinity transport systems located mainly in the plasma membrane of perisynaptic astroc

• Torin 2 receptor EAATs can transport glutamate aspartate cys

  2022-09-09

  

  EAATs can transport glutamate, aspartate, cysteic acid, and serine-o-sulfate (Bjorn-Yoshimoto and Underhill, 2016). All EAATs work as symporters co-transporting 2 or 3 molecules of Na+ and a proton with each molecule of glutamate (or aspartate). In addition, a K+ ion is counter-transported ending in

• To help resolve the question of simple binding versus

  2022-09-09

  

  To help resolve the question of simple binding versus transport, we reasoned that if quercetin is transported by GLUT1, we should be able to block its uptake by other GLUT1 inhibitors. We initially investigated the effects of two newly identified GLUT1 inhibitors, BAY-876 and WZB-117. WZB-117 was fi

• br Conclusion In conclusion SHP

  2022-09-09

  

  Conclusion In conclusion, SHP289-04 was demonstrated as a potent glucokinase activator. It could normalize the blood glucose level and lipid level in spontaneous type 2 diabetes model KKAy mice. At the same time, it ameliorated the function of islets and liver in KKAy mice. It had been proved to

• br Introduction Glucokinase GCK hexokinase IV is a monomeric

  2022-09-09

  

  Introduction Glucokinase (GCK, hexokinase IV) is a monomeric enzyme that catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of glucose to glucose 6-phosphate, the first and rate-limiting step of glycolysis in the liver and pancreas [1,2]. GCK was first discovered in the early 1960's, and shortly thereafter i

• The mechanism underlying the anorectic effect

  2022-09-09

  

  The mechanism underlying the anorectic effect of OXM is well established. It is centrally mediated via GLP-1 receptor activation, confirmed by both pharmacological blockade of the GLP-1 receptor, and using GLP-1 receptor knock-out mice [2], [11], [12]. However, the mechanism by which it increases en

• Even with all of the subunits present the

  2022-09-09

  

  Even with all of the subunits present, the complex must also be correctly assembled for the enzyme to function properly. The complex is first assembled in the endoplasmic reticulum, with NCT and APH-1 binding together. They form the initial scaffold, so full-length PS can attach itself, and finally

• br Introduction The fibroblast growth factor receptor FGFR

  2022-09-09

  

  Introduction The fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) pathway is an important oncogenic driver in malignant cancer. It controls cellular processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, iox progression, metabolism, and survival. In non–small-cell lung cancer, the most freque

• br STAR Methods br Introduction

  2022-09-09

  

  STAR★Methods Introduction Arsenite is a well-recognized toxic metalloid that commonly presents in the natural environment. Chronic exposure to arsenite can lead to a wide range of adverse health effects to human, including cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, skin lesion and neurodegene

• Several lines of evidences suggest that the

  2022-09-08

  

  Several lines of evidences suggest that the biological features of PCs are different from other CLL/SLL What's New in the lymph node: the tumor cells in the PCs have been shown to accumulate cytogenetic abnormalities [1, 4] and aberrant expression of oncogene and tumorsuppressor microRNAs (miRs) [5

• Sperm exocytosis or acrosome reaction AR is a regulated

  2022-09-08

  

  Sperm exocytosis or acrosome reaction (AR) is a regulated secretion with special characteristics essential for fertilization. The AR relies on the same highly conserved molecules that drive intracellular membrane fusion and exocytosis in all other Conclusions (see [59] for a recent review). Two suc

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