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br Conclusion The following is the supplementary data relate
2021-10-09

Conclusion The following is the supplementary data related to this article. Conflict of interest Author contributions Heart transplantation is the most important treatment for end-stage heart failure. Ischemia/reperfusion injury is a common condition during transplantation surgery and is
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There are five subfamilies of
2021-10-09

There are five subfamilies of P-type ATPases (I-V), which transport metal ions or phospholipids across membranes (Palmgren and Nissen, 2011). Although our studies indicate that the P-type ATPase domain is important for function, how it contributes to cGMP production is currently unknown. The P-type
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br Brief overview of GSK inhibitors
2021-10-09

Brief overview of GSK-3 inhibitors We will briefly summarize some of the key aspects about GSK-3 inhibitors. Additional details of GSK-3 inhibitors in clinical trials have been recently reviewed [5]. GSK-3 is a complicated target as it is involved in many biological processes from neurology, diab
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Glycogen synthase kinase GSK is
2021-10-09

Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase that plays multifaceted role in diverse cellular and neurophysiological processes [8]. GSK-3β is regulated by inhibitory serine and stimulatory tyrosine phosphorylation on Ser9 and Tyr216 respectively [9]. Dy
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873 receptor Modulation of the cannabinoid system has been r
2021-10-09

Modulation of the cannabinoid system has been reported to exert anti-parkinsonian properties through different mechanisms. On one hand, cannabinoids have neuroprotective properties in different rodent models of PD, both through a CB1/CB2 receptor-independent mechanism (Lastres-Becker et al., 2005) a
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br Methods and materials br Results To examine the
2021-10-09

Methods and materials Results To examine the fear conditioning effects of the pre-exposure, drug, and sex factors in the total latency time, a 2 × 3 × 2 three-way ANOVA indicated that Telaprevir significant differences occurred in the drug (F2109 = 14.44, p 0.05) and pre-exposure × sex (F110
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br The hippocampus and spatial memory Numerous lines of evid
2021-10-09

The hippocampus and spatial memory Numerous lines of evidence have implicated the rodent hippocampus in spatial forms of learning and memory (O’Keefe and Nadel, 1978). For example, hippocampal lesions produce robust and reliable deficits on spatial memory tasks such as the Morris watermaze in bot
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Regarding the causative diseases of ES
2021-10-09

Regarding the causative diseases of ES, patients with unknown cause and those with encephalitis had significantly higher CSF levels of WP1066 against GluN2B-NT2 and GluN2B-CT than the disease controls, but patients with genetic disorder and those with cortical dysplasia showed no significant differ
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br Central control of GI ghrelin
2021-10-08

Central control of GI ghrelin secretion The CNS communicates with the GI tract through the vagus nerve originating in the DMV and sympathetic spinal afferents emanating from the thoracic spinal chord (Bray, 2000). The cells that secrete peripheral ghrelin are under direct control of these two pat
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br Introduction G protein coupled receptors
2021-10-08

Introduction G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent one of the largest family of receptors involved in cell membrane signal transduction and have become one of the leading therapeutic targets worldwide (Chakraborty and Chattopadhyay, 2015; Bouvier, 2001; Sriram and Insel, 2018). GPCRs sign
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Polymerisation of HbS initiates the clinical complications o
2021-10-08

Polymerisation of HbS initiates the clinical complications of SCD (Bunn and Forget, 1986). The resulting sequelae are multiple and diverse, and their individual impact on pathogenesis is difficult to elucidate. Early changes include altered red cell membrane permeability (Gibson and Ellory, 2002, Le
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br Materials and methods br
2021-10-08

Materials and methods Results Discussion Although homologues of the β-galactosidase gene were known to exist in the Xenopus genome, and SA-β-gal activity has been detected in whole-mount Xenopus embryos by histochemical staining (Davaapil et al., 2017), no reports have been presented so far
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The present data suggest that the decrease of liver BAs
2021-10-08

The present data suggest that the decrease of liver BAs was mainly due to the decrease of hepatic BAs synthesis because the BA synthetic enzymes Cyp7a1, Cyp7b1 and Cyp8b1 were markedly reduced. The increase may also be due to the increase of hepatic BAs efflux, because the liver BA efflux transporte
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Ropivacaine HCl The selection of mutations in vivo with anti
2021-10-08

The selection of mutations in vivo with antivirals is a complex process involving, among other things, the frequency of a given mutation prior to treatment, the effect of that mutation on viral protein function, and the interplay of a given mutation pattern with host immune mechanisms. Investigation
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IGF-1, human recombinant Human immunodeficiency virus type H
2021-10-08

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is responsible for the IGF-1, human recombinant pandemic; notification is compulsory in Brazilian blood banks since 1988. From 1980 to 2016, the Brazilian MH reported 882,810 HIV/AIDS cases, with 52.3% in the southeast region. HIV/HCV co-infection has be
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