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Next we compared the protease specificity of viruses
2019-08-27
Next, we compared the protease-specificity of viruses NS116-GFP/AE and NS116-GFP/AT for trypsin, neutrophilic elastase or supernatant of human neutrophils. For later purposes, we determined the viral yield in a co-cultivation system of infected Vero LX-1031 kinase with human neutrophils. The NS116-
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During the entire life of individual articular chondrocyte a
2019-08-27
During the entire life of individual, articular chondrocyte as well as subchondral bone receives acute or chronic stress. Joints homeostasis is maintained by biomechanical stress, as rapid loss of proteoglycan in joints occurs due to immobilization or disuse. These osteophytes are fibrocartilage cap
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GLP signaling mediates important renal functions as suggeste
2019-08-27
GLP-1 signaling mediates important renal functions [101], as suggested by the expression of both DPP-4 and GLP-1R in the kidney of several species, including humans [102]. However, controversial data exists on the specific expression pattern of these proteins, based on the specificity and sensitivit
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In addition to glutamatergic inputs the RTn
2019-08-27
In addition to glutamatergic inputs, the RTn integrates cholinergic, serotonergic and noradrenergic synapses of fibers coming from nuclei located in the brainstem (Asanuma, 1992, Morrison and Foote, 1986, Pare et al., 1988) involved in the alternating firing mode and in the frequency changes of reti
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In mammals ribonucleotide reductase RNR is a unique enzyme
2019-08-26
In mammals, ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is a unique enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step of de novo synthesis of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs).7, 8 Mammalian RNR consists of two homodimer subunits: the large catalytic dimer RRM1 and the small regulatory dimer RRM2 or RRM2B. An
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amide pka In addition to the ESIs
2019-08-26
In addition to the ESIs identified that target both EPAC1 and EPAC2, ESI-05 and ESI-07 were identified as compounds that selectively antagonise EPAC2, displaying almost no inhibition of EPAC1 at concentrations up to 100μM [99]. Both compounds were effective inhibitors EPAC2 GEF activity towards Rap1
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As a co factor CIITA lacks the ability to recognize
2019-08-26
As a co-factor, CIITA lacks the ability to recognize and directly bind to specific DNA elements to regulate transcription; instead, it relies on interaction with sequence-specific transcription factors (TFs) to be recruited to the chromatin. Therefore, the observation that CIITA binds to a specific
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Regardless of its effect on EBV infection the chemokine syst
2019-08-26
Regardless of its effect on EBV infection, the chemokine system has been found to be regulated in both nasopharyngeal cancer and Hodgkin lymphoma. As such, Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg (HRS) cells from Hodgkin lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells have been shown to express CXCL8 and CCL17. Furt
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br Mammalian DGKs current knowledge Despite our
2019-08-26
Mammalian DGKs: current knowledge Despite our understanding of prokaryotic DGKs, our limited understanding of the structure of mammalian DGKs is a major gap in our knowledge. Importantly, major differences exist between prokaryotic and mammalian enzymes often revealing the fact that structural fe
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PRIMA-1 clinical Several of the keloid like
2019-08-26
Several of the keloid-like lesions seen in these individuals were pigmented. It is of potential relevance that genetic variants in DDR1 [MIM: 600408] have been associated with vitiligo, and DDR1 activation is involved when PRIMA-1 clinical are attached to collagen-IV fibers. Because DDR1 and DDR2 a
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Overexpression of EP and DDR has been sporadically reported
2019-08-26
Overexpression of EP300 and DDR1 has been sporadically reported in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis and other fibrotic diseases. Zeng et al. reported that EP300 was increased in TGF-β1 treated lung fibroblasts and mediated decreases of SIRT1 expression. Bhattacharyya et al. found that both EP3
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The small GTPase Ran regulates
2019-08-26
The small GTPase Ran regulates karyopherin–cargo interactions and the directionality of karyopherin-mediated transport. Like other Ras-family GTPases, Ran cycles between GTP- and GDP-bound states, and the two surface loops in Ran, referred to as the switch I and switch II loops, undergo significant
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br The amygdala complex The amygdala
2019-08-26
The amygdala complex The amygdala complex is composed of distinct nuclei and subdivisions including the lateral (LA), basolateral (BL), and basomedial (BM) amygdala; the medial (Imp), lateral paracapsular (lpc), and main intercalated cell cluster (IN); and the lateral and medialcentral amygdala (
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For any vector let and
2019-08-26
For any vector , let , and . For , let The information matrix for the partial likelihood at Eq. (2.2) can be expressed as It is well known that MAPK Inhibitor Library under certain regularity conditions such as (A)–(D) in Andersen and Gill (1982), where and denote the maximum likelihood estim
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The repeat sequence TTAGGG of telomere could
2019-08-26
The repeat sequence “TTAGGG” of telomere could be directly recognized by TERF1. TERF1 is indispensable for the maintenance of telomere Tanshinone IIA---sulfonic sodium structure and integrity (Tan et al., 2017). Trf1 genetic depletion in vivo induces a persistent DNA damage response and telomere un
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