• br Autophagy and antiviral innate immunity signaling br

  2024-07-29

  

  Autophagy and antiviral innate immunity signaling Viral manipulation of autophagy interfering with IFN-I synthesis We have seen that autophagy factors can down-regulate the production of IFN-I induced by RLR engagement during viral infection. In fibroblasts and epithelial cells, there exists c

• Ryoichi et al modified potent clinical candidate VX with cya

  2024-07-29

  

  Ryoichi et al. modified potent clinical candidate VX-680 (6) with 3-cyano-6-(5-methyl-3-pyrazolamino)pyridine as Aurora kinase inhibitor. Substituted cyano pyridine derivative (7) inhibited proliferation of HCT-116 cells with an IC50 value of 115 nM. It showed tumor inhibition in mice model at a dos

• br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgements br Introduction

  2024-07-26

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgements Introduction The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is an important intracellular signaling system that regulates diverse cellular functions, such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis [1]. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (A

• Recently competitive inhibitors of arginase have been develo

  2024-07-26

  

  Recently, competitive inhibitors of arginase have been developed which have greater specificity for the enzyme. Initial development of these compounds involved determination of the crystal structure of arginase. Christianson and colleagues found that a binuclear manganese cluster was required for ca

• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2024-07-26

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion I/R injury is characterized by myocardial damage triggered by the ischemic insult followed by reperfusion injury. While the primary insult depends mainly on the severity and duration of blood flow restriction and the breakdown of ATP-dependent Glycop

• Autocrine regulations of several adipokines e

  2024-07-26

  

  Autocrine regulations of several adipokines (e.g., leptin and resistin) on adipocytes have been reported (Karastergiou and Mohamed-Ali, 2010, Ye et al., 2010). Several lines of evidence have shown that apelin influences adipocyte functions, such as, lipolysis and glucose uptake (Dray et al., 2008, Y

• br Roles of apelin and APJ in cardiovascular

  2024-07-26

  

  Roles of apelin and APJ in cardiovascular diseases Therapeutic potential of apelin/APJ in cardiovascular diseases Since the apelin/APJ system plays a key role in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases, it seems logical to presume that targeting this axis should be feasible a

• Heparin We conclude that Tetrapleura tetraptera fruits

  2024-07-26

  

  We conclude that Tetrapleura tetraptera fruits extract possess antiplasmodial activity and the results of this study justifies and confirms the traditional usage of this plant as malarial remedy. Acknowledgement Introduction The phylum apicomplexa comprises of nearly 5000 species, most of whi

• Because of the critical roles played by AMPK

  2024-07-26

  

  Because of the critical roles played by AMPK in energy sensing and cancer cell survival, a huge number of drugs have been proposed to exert their pharmacological effects by means of AMPK activation (Kim and He, 2013). For example, metformin has been shown to activate AMPK in muscle (Sajan et al., 20

• br STAR Methods br AMPK A Therapeutic Target

  2024-07-26

  

  STAR★Methods AMPK: A Therapeutic Target in the β Cell? Loss of pancreatic β cell function is a hallmark of the transition to a diagnosis of T2DM (see Glossary) 1, 2, 3, 4. AMPK activation has gained attention for the treatment of hyperglycemia in prediabetes as an insulin-sensitizing agent bec

• SC-514 Following activation of mGluRs GRIP stabilized AMPARs

  2024-07-26

  

  Following activation of mGluRs, GRIP-stabilized AMPARs appear to be the primary target for endocytosis. Consistent with this model, we find that using siRNA to reduce GRIP1/2 expression blocks the AMPAR internalization and the synaptic depression mediated by mGluRs. Reductions in GRIP1/2 expression,

• Most intriguingly however there was no change in basal

  2024-07-26

  

  Most intriguingly, however, there was no change in basal glutamatergic neurotransmission despite a loss of about half of the neuronal AMPAR population. Highest levels of ammonia did neither affect the amplitude nor the frequency of AMPAR mediated mEPSCs. As revealed by our recordings from somatic ou

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2024-07-26

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Competing financial interests Acknowledgements The work was partially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 31530053 and 31401424) and National Science and Technology Support Plan (Grant no. 2013BA

• The PAS domains of AHR consist of

  2024-07-26

  

  The PAS domains of AHR consist of two regions, PAS-A and PAS-B, which function as interfaces for dimerization with ARNT and for ligand binding, respectively [14]. Although both the bHLH and the PAS-A domains have been shown to be involved in dimerization with ARNT, a recent report suggests that only

• Circulating adrenal derived stress hormones epinephrine and

  2024-07-26

  

  Circulating adrenal-derived stress hormones, epinephrine and corticosterone mediate their tissue effects through adrenergic (AR; α and β) and glucocorticoid (GR) receptors. AR are widely distributed throughout the body and although epinephrine is a prototypical agonist for all types of AR, the selec

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